Illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing is a major risk to maritime security. IUU fishing has been linked to overfishing, coastal destabilization, piracy, food insecurity, environmental degradation, labor violations, drug smuggling, and transnational criminal organizations. The U.S. government has declared that IUU fishing is one of the greatest threats to ocean health and has directed a whole-of-government approach to fight it, with maritime law enforcement agencies taking the lead.